What is the difference between S-trap and P-Trap?
As a Civil Engineer, one’s knowledge of plumbing should not be limited to textbooks or left to the plumber. It is essential for the civil engineer to know the... Read more.
Construction of Cement Stone Masonry Retaining Walls
Retaining walls are not normally intended to support the soil behind them against slope failures. They are primarily meant to support the active or passive earth... Read more.
Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete (GFRC): Uses, Properties, Advantages & Cost in Construction
The glass fiber reinforced concrete (GFRC) was developed in 1960s and gained its popularity for the use in exterior building façade, panels and as architectural... Read more.
Aluminium Paint: Composition, Uses, Advantages, Limitations and Application
Aluminium paint is a metallic-pigment coating that produces a bright silver or aluminium-coloured finish. It is commonly used on prepared metal surfaces, roofs,... Read more.
Plum Concrete: Definition, Ratio, Uses, Advantages & Construction Method
Plum concrete is a form of concrete in which large stone is used along the plain cement concrete. This type of concrete is known as Rubble concrete or Cyclopean... Read more.
What is Shotcrete? Types, Process, Applications & Advantages (Complete Guide)
Shotcrete is a technique of applying cement mortar or concrete at high speed onto the prepared vertical or overhead surface which is conveyed through a hose attached... Read more.
Stairs of Different Materials and Suitable Application
Introduction This article discusses staircases constructed from different materials, following our recent article on the various types of stairs. Staircases may... Read more.
Good Staircase Design: Safety, Comfort, Dimensions and Code Requirements
A well-designed staircase should be easy to find, comfortable to climb and safe in everyday use and during an emergency. Its width, step dimensions, landings, handrails,... Read more.
Pile Foundations: Types of Piles for Foundations
A pile foundation is a deep foundation system made up of long, slender structural members that transfer building or structural loads into the ground. Piles are commonly... Read more.
