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What is the difference between S-trap and P-Trap?
As a Civil Engineer, one’s knowledge of plumbing should not be limited to textbooks or left to the plumber. It is essential for the civil...
Construction of Cement Stone Masonry Retaining Walls
Retaining walls are not normally intended to support the soil behind them against slope failures. They are primarily meant to support the active or passive...
Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete (GFRC): Uses, Properties, Advantages & Cost in Construction
The glass fiber reinforced concrete (GFRC) was developed in 1960s and gained its popularity for the use in exterior building façade, panels and as architectural precast...
Plum Concrete: Definition, Ratio, Uses, Advantages & Construction Method
Plum concrete is a form of concrete in which large stone is used along the plain cement concrete. This type of concrete is known as...
What is Shotcrete? Types, Process, Applications & Advantages (Complete Guide)
Shotcrete is a technique of applying cement mortar or concrete at high speed onto the prepared vertical or overhead surface which is conveyed through a...
Stairs of Different Materials and Suitable Application
Introduction This article discusses staircases constructed from different materials, following our recent article on the various types of stairs. Staircases may be built using any...
Requirements of A Good Stair for A Building
Introduction Constructing a good stair with expensive materials and making it fancy would not necessarily fulfil the requirement of good stair. Requirement of good stair...
Pile Foundations: Types of Piles for Foundations
A pile foundation is a deep foundation system made up of long, slender structural members that transfer building or structural loads into the ground. Piles...
What are Wood-Plastic Composites (WPCs)?
Wood-Plastic Composites are the new edge building materials that have emerged recently compared to other building materials. Wood-Plastic Composite, commonly known as WPC, has been...